Time and Amps by Stud Diameter. 8) are. diameter studs. [17, 18], comparisons between the bolts with single-embedded nut [Figure 1(b)] and headed studs were analyzed to better understand the failure mode of these connectors, the results showed that the bolted shear connectors were similar to headed studs in terms of shear resistance but the bolts are prone to. where A s is the cross-sectional area of the stud diameter d (mm 2 units), f c is the concrete cylinder compressive strength (N/mm 2), and E c is the static modulus of elasticity of the concrete (N/mm 2). The critical design actions on this wall are presented in table 1. 2 ISBN 0850730155 Bates,W. 75bmt Stud 491 64mm x 0. The studs have threads on one end and a small disc-shaped head on the other, while the ferrules are short cylindrical sleeves that fit over the studs to. As a result, the exact load carried by a shear stud remains unknown. The primary parameters considered include reserved hole shape, loading path, and deck. Additionally, it was found that these shear studs show promising strength when used with 3. Single studs are shown in Figure 6. Finally, when its shear capacity reached the ultimate load, the specimen rattled, and the stud connector broke from the root (Fig. The ability of shear studs to transfer vertical tension forces from a fractured girder to intact bridge components was investigated. 3 8. 5 of the average maximum load for screwsTo place shear studs. 1. This includes using 25 × 1 mm galvanised steel straps to secure the lintel to the trimming stud and the trimming stud to a floor joist or solid blocking as shown in Figure 8. Obviously, at the top of the cruciform column alignment until the composite column runs, the minimum number of shear stud should be used for the joint performance of the steel and concrete columns. 242 60 14. 2, 13 H4L 205 101-053-010 studs in a plane perpendicular to the shear force and six H 16 H4L 68 101-053-012 times diameter in the direction of the shear force is generally 16 H4L 106 101 -053 015 adequate to develop full stud capacity. (13 and 19 mm) studs showed that there is in fact a significant “size-effect” on the order of 3 ksi (21 MPa), with the 3/4 in. 2017 Nelson® Stud Welding Stud, Ferrule & Accessory Catalog This catalog is designed to be a user-friendly source of online information about the Nelson Stud Welding line of studs, anchors, pins, and the standard accessories used to weld them. Diameter Selects the shear. Building and bridge deck construction incorporates large numbers of studs , ranging from 10, 000 to more than 200,000 at a single location. Also known as shear connectors, the purpose of these drawn arc weld studs is to connect and hold the concrete slabs and the steel beams together, creating a composite structure. (13 mm) studs. Country of Origin: Made in India. Stainless Steel ChemSet™ Anchor Studs are high corrosion resistant AISI 316 (A4). The shearer is using a sling for back support. Guidance has also been taken from AS 1684. 15 dia. 875-892. As mentioned above, the most common form of provision for shear connection is the headed stud, welded to the top flange. The. The value of γM2 must be provided manually when different than 1. Steel Headed Stud Shear Anchors, SCM I8. After reaching this value, the steel becomes fully plastic. threaded mild steel rods with or without a sleeve passing through the From three full-scale beam tests with low degrees of shear connection is was found that 19 mm diameter studs through-deck welded in 60 mm deep UK trapezoidal decking (0. Resistance of shear connection Headed stud shear connectors. The static and fatigue behavior of stud connection is sophisticated and affects the design resistance and stiffness of composite beams [3], [4]. Definition Tab Option Description Type Selects the shear stud standard from the list. The effect of haunches in the deck, stud length, number of studs, and arrangement of the studs was evaluated in static and dynamic tests. 0 m), and the embodied carbon of the materials. Tensile 75,000psi (max) Yield 64,000psi (max) Elongation 20% (in 2 inches) Ferrule. Central pier carries about 85% of shear; can design for entire shear Good practice would be to add control joints 10’ 18’ 5’ 3’ 7’ 55’ 3’ 8’ 2’ 8’ 18’ 8’ 3’ 3’ 2’ 1. ComFlor is manufactured in New Zealand by Steel & Tube under license from Tata Steel UK. Semi-rigid-Shear Studs Shear Connections-Double Angles Shear Connections-Shear Tabs- Seismic Shear Connections -Shear Tabs-Gravity LoadsThe number of shear studs can be calculated by Eq. Because of the inter connection or composite construction resists shear loading between the concrete and steel beams. 6. co. 13 H4L 205 101-053-010 studs in a plane perpendicular to the shear force and six H 16 H4L 68 101-053-012 times diameter in the direction of the shear force is generally 16 H4L 106. Scope. From these studies, a coefficient for the shear resistance of stud (∝3) is derived and will be considered for studs in unfavorable position in the new procedure for the calculation of shear. The information contained in this document is current as at October 2022. Steel & Tube offers a metal fastening solution for every application and our products are commonly used in the construction, manufacturing, general engineering and fabrication sectors. The primary stud welding standard, AS 1554. Solid Futurebuild LVL products are manufactured in accordance with AS/NZ 4357, Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber. shear studs with the composite beams containing ‘/2 in. . 3 Studs in loadbearing walls, 1. A4. Tension Shear Tension Shear Shear 3 Characteristic Load (Fastener in single shear) Nail 30mm x 3. Shear Stud Welding. When designing shear wall end posts where holdown anchors are installed, it is common to use posts made from multiple plies of 2x studs (e. Compared with clustered studs, the distribution of. co. 47% higher than those of the studs with 14 mm and 18 mm diameters, respectively. As shown in Fig. Nelson Stud Welding can also supply a range of welding machines for Shear Studs, Insulation Pins and CD Studs. Finite element analysis using ABAQUS was carried out to simulate the force–deformation response of shear stud. , & Ooe, H. 15. Shear strength is shear through the threads. 1; ASTM standard etc. 5 in. The. 25. Improved push specimen, according to Hicks and Smith (2014) 2. 0m, 3. We visited my Uncle Scott and Auntie Alwyn in January of 2018. Used to add shear studs on steel girder and slab type bridge. In order to study the shear behavior of a group of shear studs placed on a composite beam, a total of 16 pushout tests were conducted, including 4 specimens with cast-in-place (CIP) concrete decks and 12 specimens with precast concrete (PC) decks. The use of Ancon shear connectors reduces costs,Drawn Arc and Short-Cycle Welding Studs. Nelson Stud Auckland 46 Patiki Road Avondale, Auckland Phone: 09 820-9133 Email: [email protected] Nelson Stud Wellington 91b St Andrews Road Plimmerton PORIRUA 5026 Phone: 04 233-8131 Fax: 04 233-1072 The DSD is the original two-part, double dowel, shear load connector. if we don’t have it available, we may be able to manufacture for you. 7m, 3. Stud diameters 3/4” to 7/8" and under will be approximately 3/16” shorter after welding direct to steel and approximately 3/8" shorter after welding thru-deck. For BS 5950, Fu is not used by the program. View our extensive range of studs, insulation pins and clips and get a quote for your needs within minutes! View our products & get a quote. ₹ 3 / Piece. 8. After 30 years development, so far there're 15 units of multi-station cold forming machines in total and production capacity can reach up to 5000 tons per month. PUNCHING SHEAR5. 2a. 258kgs in fact for the mild steel (such as SWRCH18A, SWRCH15A, etc. Stud distance along the raking beams as. NZS 4203:1992 . 8 and 10. We stock and supply all forms of fasteners and machines for all applications. Stud work comes with inherent risks, and Red Cedar Steel is dedicated to minimizing those risks. 5 kN 15 Nails OR 4 Screws per flange Pair Diagonal Cleat N21 Tension Shear 20 Nails OR 5 Screws per flange Pair of Diagonal Cleat N21 Shear Tension LUMBERLOKRecent prefabricated bridge projects have shown an increasing tendency to concentrate the shear studs into clusters of closely-spaced studs in shear pockets that are spaced at relatively large distances apart. Takabayashi, Y. Threaded studs are. Individual Full-Height Shear Wall: i. 8 carbon steel to get the most out of adhesive tensile capacities and provide higher shear capacities than regular Grade 4. The shear stud and steel beam are formed as the same part to simulate the connection between two components in the FE model. 5. 85 13 x 100 Shear Stud, 13 x 100 HSC, CS 6060 013 100 0. WEB178415. Buy online, in-store or Click & Collect in 1 hour from over 45 stores. The shear studs are designed to effectively tie the concrete slabs to the beams. The CF 60 profile depth is 75mm including the top re-entrant section and the. Concrete around shear studs cracks or crushes due to high bearing stress causing premature loss of shear capacity. View our extensive range of studs, insulation pins and clips and get a quote for your needs within minutes! View our products & get a quote. The composite action of our steel flooring and concrete produces a floor which is very strong and light in weight. 9 mm thick sheets with a yield strength of 350 MPa) possessed a much higher slip capacity than expected in traditional small scale push tests [1],[2],[3] Arc stud welding is generally used to weld larger diameter studs to thick base metals. 10 Headed studs that cause splitting forces in the direction of the slab thickness . 2. and so much more. In some instances, a bearing wall might be parallel to the joists. These stud heads anchor securely in the slab, eliminating slippage and providing greater resistance to punching shear. SRP™ Whisperwall™ and Standard SRP™ Studs are available in 2. fabrication, fatigue, guide, ladder deck, life cycle, multi-girder, New Zealand, NZ Transport Agency, shear studs, steel, Steel Bridge Development Group , sustainability, vibration, welding. The most common diameters of steel shear studs used in composite bridge construction are 19. 6. Take storey heights =3m. Sketch the shape of the shear stud pattern on the element face. Whether Insulation Fasteners, Threaded CD studs or Headed Concrete Anchor Shear Connectors, we can assist with advice, product selection and supply of machines, sales. The. 6m and 4. Hardware, Power Tools & More. Check the spacing of shear connectors Since each flute is 12 in. Shear Connector Weld Studs. For Series 1, one connection did not have shear reinforcement, while the other two connections had ribbed-deformed GFRP shear studs with headed ends at different radial spacing (120 and 80 mm). Slabs, pile caps, footings, raft foundations, etc. nz. The reduction factor, k t is obtained from Equation 6. The first application was to secure wood decking on submarines, but was quickly adopted and used on battleships. To avoid this, it is recommended to use the anchor design software PROFIS anchor) The design method is based on the following simplification: No different loads are acting on individual anchors (no eccentricity) The values are valid for one anchor. P S = p s A s. Tension and shear properties are based on 0. [] presented an experimental and numerical study into the behavior of headed shear studs, to address the lack of existing experimental data near the assumed CAFL (constant amplitude fatigue limit) and to better characterize the effects of fatigue uncertainty on predicted response. Stud welding is also known as drawn arc stud welding, or arc welding for short. The connector is available in ten standard sizes and can transfer loads from around 20kN to over 950kN. 31. 1 has a series of images of typical shear studs on a steel beam. 07. However, the specific placement and layout of the shear studs provided in flat plates tends to vary. 00. Standard length is 3. 5d and. 37 31. diameter stud is more than double the area of a ½-in. Call (973) 333-9775 today for a free quote. Minimum number of shear studs required to develop the. 2mm. For CAN/CSA-S16-01, S16-09, and S16-014, when the rib height is between 38mm. Orthogonal. In this video you can get clear idea bout;1. 6/S 44. from $117. To investigate the shear performance and failure mechanism of stud shear connectors in steel fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (SFRCC) beams, six steel-SFRCC and six steel-normal strength concrete (NC) push-out specimens with two heights (80 mm, 120 mm) and three diameters (14 mm, 18 mm, 22 mm) of stud connectors were. Shear connectors are required on the top flange of steel composite bridge girders to provide the necessary shear transfer between the steel girder and composite slab that is required for composite action. A novel welded demountable shear connector for sustainable steel-concrete composite structures is proposed. Shear strength of bolts. In. Its profile has been specially designed with trough stiffeners and side laps positioned to guarantee centrally placed shear studs. ends, giving a cross-sectional area ratio of 9:1. This study discusses the process of failure of shear studs embedded in UHPC and develops a concrete wedge block model in an attempt to explain such improvement. 3 Past research on the theoretical strength of shear connectors 2. The experiments reported that the ultimate bolt capacity was twice that of the welded studs. Shop our huge selection of OEM, MRO, construction, industrial, and safety products. Simpson Strong-Tie ® (New Zealand) Ltd Call 09 477 4440. Terms and Conditions. 099 150 14. Get Latest Price. The CSRE interface layer shear strength is about 75 kN (for 0. Besides equipment, shear stud connectors can be produced based on the standard of EN ISO 13918; AWS D1. Christchurch, New Zealand Phone: +643 366 700 Fax: +643 564 2758 Rollformers 2000 Ltd PO Box 204-352 Highbrook Manukau 2161 New Zealand Phone +64 9 274 4898 Fax +64 9 274 0451 info@rollerformers. FERO Thermal Tie™ - Slotted Stud (Type II) Masonry Connector transfers lateral load from the tie through a plate, which transfers the load to the stud backing. The table below is based on 7/16″ wood structural panel sheathing values in SDPWS Table 4. 254~0. 5 in. For CAN/CSA-S16-01, S16-09, and S16-014, when the rib height is between 38mm. The most widely used form of shear connector is the headed stud, or shear stud. , four 2×6 studs to create one 5. Positioning. through the deck to the structural tee. Testing on studs4. variables for the prediction of the headed stud shear force at failure, namely the steel stud tensile strength and diameter, and the concrete (cylinder) compressive strength. Shear studs are used in stud welding to secure steel framed buildings to create a shear connection between the steel and the concrete. Stud Welding & Fastening. Many in-service bridges with steel–concrete composite beams are currently aging and experiencing performance deterioration. (10), and the T value is given by Eq. Based on the test results, a discussion is provided in the present study on the hysteresis curve,. 3 "Where shear reinforcement, in the form of closed fitments, shear studs, shear heads. Nelson Stud Welding - NZ Nelson Stud Welding has been operating in New Zealand for 40 years, with operating bases in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. 1. An important note for the reader . Do not skimp onDesign aid - Table of design properties for individual metric hexagonal bolts including stress area, yield strength, ultimate strength, shear resistance, tensile resistance, interaction between shear and tension, bearing resistance, punching shear resistance. The shear strength, shear stiffness, and ductility of these welded stud connectors were investigated and compared with the predictions by the equations recommended in existing design codes. 754 (c) (1) (i): “Shear connectors (such as headed steel studs, steel bars or steel lugs), reinforcing bars, deformed anchors or threaded studs shall not be attached to the top flanges of beams, joists or beam attachments so that they project vertically from or horizontally across the. In my experience the most common are: 400mm centres (most stud wall spacing in the UK) 450mm centres. Tensile 75,000psi (max) Yield 64,000psi (max) Elongation 20% (in 2 inches) Ferrule. As the bolt head is tightened, the cone is pulled up the bolt thread, causing the legs of the sleeve to expand until the cone locks the sleeve against the inner wall of the. (13 mm) shear studs tested by King et al. 00 ex GST. Refer to Figure 1. Click Steel tab Fabrication Elements panel (Shear Studs). Eliminates column capitals. Shear Stud W/ Ceramic Ferrule. Mild Steel Shear Stud, For Construction, Size: 16 (diameter) ₹ 35 / Piece. STUD WELDER: 1500W 380V 50HZ 3PH CAPICITY 3-12MM. Once you select the beam group on which you want to place the Shear Stud group, the Place Shear Studs dialog opens. Contract Connections Ltd have been the exclusive New Zealand manufacturer and distributor of Erico grounding products for over 40 years and continues to represent nVent - Erico today. Besides equipment, shear stud connectors can be produced based on the standard of EN ISO 13918; AWS D1. 2. The distributed shear stud connector is an alternative solution to the clustered shear stud connector [2]. 00. d5±0. 2d(4) for channel shear connectors. Shear Studs with Ferrules are heavy-duty fasteners used to connect steel elements in construction. Fortress Bolt & Nut Range 2017 is a comprehensive catalogue of high-quality fasteners for various applications, from construction to engineering. Nelson stud weldable rebar revolutionizes the way that we build. 2 standards. The stud is held in the welding gun and an arc is. Shear walls. 4. Historical structural steelwork handbook. Available in Mild steel and High Tensile in various Threads, and in Black, Zinc plated, and Stainless steel. So I went ahead and replaced all the studs and nuts wit OEM parts. 94. 7m, 3. 38. 6m and 4. 3), since this type of shear connector can provide robust and ductile shear connection and can be easily installed [10]. Size: 13, 16, 19, 22 and 25 mm diameter in various lengths. Head Type Flat Head. 2 Types of shear connection . Stolen Girlfriends Club. They are easier to fix on-site and can prove to be a more cost-effective solution. Get a Quote. 3m, 3. Q s = shear strength of one shear stud. ChemSet™ Anchor Studs are made from quality Grade 5. 0 kN Stainless Steel Type 17-12g x 35mm 2. Designed to interconnect the concrete slab to the load bearing steel beams. Shear Load Connectors 8 Tel: +64 (0) 3 376 5205 Structural Movement Joints in Frames A common requirement in framed buildings is a structural movement joint to isolate one part of the building from another. $113. Enquire: comflortechnical@steelandtube. The shear performance of studs improves with the increasing stud diameter and yield strength. 9. 27kgs in the table, but it is only 0. Dallam [9] firstly presented the static push-out test to determine the capability of high strength pretensioned shear bolts embedded in normal-weight concrete slab (see Fig. Timber shear walls provide lateral resistance to wind and seismic forces, helping to keep the structure from undergoing failure due to lateral actions. A head stud shear connector is a representative ductile-type shear connector, and its strength and application have been examined over a long period by many researchers (Jayas and Hosain 1989. . NZ Designers. A. Precast columns & beam connections. 0m). A sc is the area of the stud and Fu is the minimum specified tensile strength of a stud shear connector (normally specified as 65ksi in the US). 3(b). Shear Connector Design software [10] AS/NZS 1554. The double shear, guillotine tests were conducted with a three plate fixture. The concrete, steel, and shear studs are all represented by the eight-node linear reduction integral solid elements (C3D8R) of ABAQUS, which has three translational degrees of freedom in each element and can be. Engine Studs. The modeling results are in good agreement with the. AS/NZS 1554. The push-out and composite beam tests were used in studies on stud shear connectors to evaluate shear capacities. At the end of April my car started shearing lug studs on 3 of the wheels. Please contact us directly for information and availability on the welder to best suit your needs. For BS 5950, Fu is not used by the program. Stud diameters of 1" and larger will be approximately 1/4" shorter after weld. For steel–concrete composite structure, a new type of stud–PBL composite shear connector can improve the shear resistance of steel–concrete interface, and polypropylene fiber ceramsite concrete can reduce the self-weight. Shear walls. Reversed cyclic loading resulted in an almost 40% reduction in shear stud capacity compared to static capacities. The primary improvement is the use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as the connection grout. . Additional mechanical anchors or shear studs, acting together with the through-bolts, may also be used to resist the vertical force from the diagonal strut especially if the tube inner surface is smooth. P. Composite design, joining concrete to steel. Part Number Explanation. Our Alliances. A total of 24 continuous 2-span composite beam samples with a span length of 1 m were examined (concrete slab at the top and steel I-section at the bottom). The shear stud was Ø10 × 70 (GB/T 10433) . 0 kN Screw Type 17-14g x 35mm 3. concrete slab and the steel beam to ensure effective composite action. A Coach Screw is a heavy duty screw which has a square or hexagonal head and an externally threaded cylindrical shaft that tapers to a point at the tip. Mechanical Properties. NEW D6L A706 Stud Weldable Rebar. 2 is adopted. The maximum reduction in shear capacity and in shear stiffness are 37. The second detail is the more common New Zealand edge detail as it gives a robust slab edge anchorage than the third detail. Page 1- showing 12 results for shear studs. 12. This paper reports on the behavior of headed shear stud connectors for use in steel frames with partially restrained connections and reinforced concrete infill walls, attached. co. Next day service available for any quantity or size of shear stud. All Designers. 7. 3. The overall strength of the combination of materials is stronger than either material rated separately, which makes this an ideal match for high rise buildings. Shear studs. 75 16 H4L 165 101-053-019 direction of the shear force and some spacing restrictions High-shear load areas in concrete construction. Shear Studs and HVBs; Concrete. Failure occurs in perimeter defined away from the concentrated load. diameter studs to provide the same strength as ¾-in. The area involved would be the top of the parallelogram. Accuracy of Eurocode 4 and AS/NZS 2327 in predicting stud capacity. The ComFlor® composite floor decks range continues to set new standards in construction technology across New Zealand and is one of the market leaders in composite steel flooring systems. 1:1999, Residential timber-framed construction in the preparation of this guide and complies with NZS 3604:2011 Timber Framed Buildings which is an Acceptable Solution to NZBC Clause 1 Structure The requirements set out in the New Zealand Building CodeThe shear studs have a diameter of 19 mm and a height of 100 mm. Capacity nZ' Net Section Tension Z NT ' Row Tear-out Z RT ' Group Tear-out Z GT ' s row = 4" s row = 5" 1 9562 7706 7875 6418 7260These stud anchors strengthen the parts of buildings where steel framing connects to concrete. The dowel component can move longitudinally within the sleeve to accommodate movement. The head should have a diameter of not less than 1. Welding – Studs and cermaic ferrules for arc stud welding (AS/NZS ISO. 84 16 mm Size Stud Type (Designation) Part No. If the wall runs perpendicular (at a 90-degree angle) to the joists, there is a good chance that it is a load-bearing wall. Facebook; Twitter; Facebook; Whatsapp; Pinterest; Buy Journal. The theoretical unit weight shear connector M19*100 is 0. 2d(4) for channel shear anchors. The studs are welded directly to the beam flange without predrilling, then grooving in CLT panel at the locations. Find the perfect pair of diamond stud earrings to suit your style and special occasion. 0 kPa floor loads 6. 6 grade studs. nz and comflorsales. This helps to resist shear loading between the concrete slab and the steel beam in composite construction. Ductile concrete connections. 5 d sc from the bottom of the concrete deck, where d sc is the diameter of the shear connector. Learn how to customize shear studs in Advance Steel by using the Management Tools application to set default parameters for specific shear studs you then further use in your 3D model. Stud welding is the process of welding a shear stud to another metal object. 13 H4L 205 101-053-010 studs in a plane perpendicular to the shear force and six H 16 H4L 68 101-053-012 times diameter in the direction of the shear force is generally 16 H4L 106 101 -053 015 adequate to develop full stud capacity. In this paper, a system for repairing damaged flat plates as a result of punching shear is presented. 3 of the American Wood Council’s (AWC’s) National Design Specification ® (NDS ® ) for Wood Construction includes provisions for built-up. 6. Hotfrog International Sites. The shear resistance of the bolt per shear plane Fv,Rd is provided in EN1993-1-8 Table 3. Shear slip and necking are both demonstrated in the failure mode of shear stud connectors when shear and tension forces are coupled. Design Considerations; Technical. 0. Since stud shear capacity is directly proportional to stud cross-sectional area, you will need more than double the quantity of ½-in. The most widely used form of shear connector is the headed stud, or shear stud. Precast columns & beam connections. BC1: 2023 Design Guide for the Use of Alternative Structural Steel to Eurocode 3TRB hosted a webinar on Thursday, June 22, 2023 from 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM Eastern that discussed recent research efforts into the behavior of headed shear studs in composite bridge girders and address recent design provision changes. O. Enquires: Auckland Tel: 09 820 9133 Fax: 09 820 9131 Wellington Tel: 04 233 9421 or 04 233 8131 Fax: 04 233 1072 Email: sales@nelsonstud. Stainless Shear Nuts (Vandal Proof) Shear Nuts improve security by preventing machine threads and nuts being undone. This work experimentally investigates the effects of shear stud characteristics on the interface slippage of steel-concrete composite push-out specimens. Eurocode [28] requires a minimum amount of transverse reinforcement across the line of the studs but within 2. 2 Comparison be tween the I2 and 3/4in. TRB Webinar: Steel Bridge Shear Stud—Research and Design Provisions. 6 grade studs. The computation of the shear strength of a single connector is addressed in SCM I3. Open An Account with Us. The reduction factor, k l is obtained from Equation 6. The cover width is just 600mm, creating lightweight sheets that. 1; BS 5400; AS/NZ 1554The shear connector studs, when welded to base metal will be approximately 5mm shorter after weld and when welded through deck 10mm shorter after weld. The PCI Design Handbook contains recommendations very similar to those of chapter 17 of ACI 318-14. 3. The experimental program consists of eight specimens with the same. 9 MB. 9 (b) and (c)). The horizontal in-plane shear interaction between the profiled cold-formed steel decking and concrete over is the prime factor that determines the strength of a composite concrete-steel deck slab. Cyclic shear force-slip behavior of studs under alternating and pulsating load condition. Google Scholar [25] DD CEN/TS 1992–4:2009. 75bmt Stud 493 76mm x 0.